创建恢复目录

在hndx上创建恢复目录：

[oracle@oracle admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=hndx

[oracle@oracle admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> create tablespace rman_cata datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/hndx/cata01.dbf' size 10M;

SQL> create user rman_cata default tablespace rman_cata identified by oracle;

SQL> grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rman_cata;

SQL> exit

[oracle@oracle admin]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

hndx

sqlplus rman_cata/oracle

select * from tab--没有对象

[oracle@oracle admin]$ rman catalog rman_cata/oracle

RMAN> create catalog;

sqlplus rman_cata/oracle

select * from tab;--发现有上100个对象

[oracle@oracle admin]$ rman target sys/oracle@orcl catalog rman_cata/oracle@hndx

RMAN> register database;--将目标数据库的信息注册到恢复目录数据库

手动添加备份元数据

SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

SQL> !cp -v /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf /u01/backup/hotbk/users.bak

SQL> alter tablespace users end backup;

RMAN> catalog datafilecopy '/u01/backup/hotbk/users.bak' ;

RMAN> list copy of tablespace users;

RMAN> change datafilecopy '/u01/backup/hotbk/users01.dbf' uncatalog;--从控制文件的元数据中删除此项

RMAN> list copy of tablespace users;

RMAN> catalog datafilecopy '/u01/backup/hotbk/users01.dbf' tag=users;--注册的同时进行标记

VPC(Virtual Private Catalog)

假如有3个数据库,数据名分别为：orcl,orcl1,orcl2,创建一个catalog服务器orcl,同时为2台数据库提供服务

要求每个数据库dba只能看到自己的元数据

首先,需要创建一个包含所有目标数据库的基础目录,假设拥有者为：RMAN

1. 创建表空间：

create tablespace rman_tbs datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/rman_tbs01.dbf' size 100M;

2. 创建RMAN用户：

create user rman default tablespace rman_tbs identified by oracle;

grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

3. 创建恢复目录：

rman catalog rman/oracle

create catalog;

4. 将orcl1和orcl2的信息注册到恢复目录：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

rman target / catalog rman/oracle@orcl

register database;

export ORACLE_SID=orcl2

rman target / catalog rman/oracle@orcl

register database;

现在无无论orcl1和orcl2的dba都能考到对方的数据,这是不安全的,如：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

rman target / catalog rman/oracle@orcl

list db_unique_name all;

为了安全,不让对方dba看到自己的数据,可以创建虚拟专用目录,如：

1. 创建虚拟专用目录的所有者：

create user orcl1 default tablespace users identified by oracle;

create user orcl2 default tablespace users identified by oracle;

2. 为虚拟专用目录的所有者受权：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

sqlplus / as sysdba

grant recovery_catalog_owner to orcl1;

grant recovery_catalog_owner to orcl2;

rman catalog rman/oracle

grant catalog for database orcl1 to orcl1;

grant register database to orcl1;

grant catalog for database orcl2 to orcl2;

grant register database to orcl2;

3. 创建虚拟专用目录：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

rman target / catalog orcl1/a@orcl

create virtual catalog;

list db_unique_name all;

只能看到自己的数据

export ORACLE_SID=orcl2

rman target / catalog orcl2@orcl

create virtual catalog;

list db_unique_name all;

只能看到自己的数据

合并恢复目录

1. 删除以上实验的恢复目录,在orcl和orcl1上重新创建各自的catalog

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

rman target / catalog orcl1/oracle@orcl

unregister database;

export ORACLE_SID=orcl2

rman target / catalog orcl2/oracle@orcl

unregister database;

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

rman target / catalog rman/oracle

drop catalog;

2. 重新创建catalog：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

rman catalog rman/oracle

create catalog;

connect target /

register database;

list db_unique_name all;

3. 为orcl1创建自己的catalog：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

sqlplus / as sysdba

create user rman1 default tablespace users identified by oracle;

grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rman1;

rman catalog rman1/oracle

create catalog;

connect target /

register database;

list db_unique_name all;

4. 将orcl1的恢复目录合并到orcl中：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

rman target / catalog rman/oracle

import catalog rman1/oracle@orcl1;

list db_unique_name all;

发现orcl1已经合并到orcl中

export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

rman target / catalog rman1/oracle

list db_unique_name all;

发现为空

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

恢复目录

createa tablespace cata_tbs datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/cata_tbs01.dbf' size 100M; -- no less than 15M

create user cata default tablespace cata_tbs identified by oracle;

grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to cata;

sqlplus cata/oracle

select * from tab;

rman catalog cata/oracle;

create catalog;

rman target / catalog cata/oracle;

register database;

backup database;

怎么在恢复目录中注册数据库

rman target sys/oracle@orcl1 catalog cata/oracle@orcl

register database;

unregister database;

注册额外的备份文件

rman> catalog backuppiece 'file_name';

alter tablespace users begin backup;

!cp -v /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/backup/hotbk

alter tablespace users end backup;

catalog datafilecopy '/u01/app/oracle/backup/hotbk';

list copy of database;

重新同步控制文件和恢复目录

rman>resync catalog;

使用rman存储脚本

CREATE [GLOBAL] SCRIPT script_name FROM FILE 'file_name';

rman target / catalog cata/oracle;

create script backupdb {backup database format='/u01/app/oracle/imanbk/%d_%s.dbf';}

run{execute script

script name;

}

RUN { EXECUTE GLOBAL SCRIPT

script_name

; }

print script scriptname;

print script backdb to file '/u01/app/oracle/rmanbk.sh';

rman> list script names;

rman> replace script backdb

{delete noprompt backup;

backup database plus archivelog;

}

list script names;

print script backdb;